For the purpose of this Convention: 
     a   “violence against women” is understood as a violation of human rights and a  form of discrimination against women and shall mean all acts of gender‐based  violence that result in, or are likely to result in, physical, sexual, psychological or  economic harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or  arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life; 

     b   “domestic violence” shall mean all acts of physical, sexual, psychological or  economic violence that occur within the family or domestic unit or between  former or current spouses or partners, whether or not the perpetrator shares or  has shared the same residence with the victim; 

     c   “gender” shall mean the socially constructed roles, behaviours, activities and  attributes that a given society considers appropriate for women and men; 

     d   “gender‐based violence against women” shall mean violence that is directed  against  a  woman  because  she  is  a  woman  or  that  affects  women  disproportionately; 

     e   “victim” shall mean any natural person who is subject to the conduct specified  in points a and b; 

     f   “women” includes girls under the age of 18.